The name Azerbaijan itself is derived from
Atropates,
[7] the
Satrap (governor) of
Medea in the
Achaemenid empire, who ruled a region found in modern Iranian Azarbaijan called
Atropatene. Atropates name is believed to be derived from the
Old Persian roots meaning "protected by fire."
[8] The name is also mentioned in the
Avestan Frawardin Yasht:
âterepâtahe ashaonô fravashîm ýazamaide which translates literally to: We worship the
Fravashi of the holy Atare-pata.
[9] َAccording to the Encyclopedia of Islam, the name of the province was pronounced as:
In Middle Persian the name of the province was called Āturpātākān, older new-Persian Ādharbādhagān آذربادگان/آذرآبادگان, Ādharbāyagān, at present Āzerbāydjān/Āzarbāydjān, Greek ᾿Ατροπατήνη, Byzantine Greek ᾿Αδραβιγάνων, Armenian Atrpatakan, Syriac Adhorbāyghān..
[10] The name Atropat in Middle Persian was transformed to Adharbad and is connected with Zoroastrianism. A famous Zoroastrian priest by the name Adarbad Mahraspandan is well known for his counsels.
[11] Azerbaijan, due to its numerous fire-temples has also been quoted in a variety of historic sources as being the birth place of the prophet
Zoroaster although modern scholars have not yet reached an agreement on the location of his birth.
[12]
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